Marc A. Rozner, PhD, MD

• Professor of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
• Professor of Cardiology
• University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
• Adjunct Assistant Professor of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology
• University of Texas Houston Health Science Center
• Houston, Texas

The indole nitrogen of 16-epivellosimine interacts with its alde hyde group giving an hydroxy-substituted new ring pain treatment in osteoporosis order artane 2 mg otc. The enzyme also catalyses the malony lation of shisonin to malonylshisonin [cyanidin 3-O-(6 -00 O-p-coumaryl- D-glucoside)-5-(6000-O malonyl- D-glucoside)] neuropathic pain treatment drugs discount artane 2mg without a prescription. The compounds 4000-demalonylsalvianin pain medication for dogs with lymphoma purchase artane australia, salvianin mtus chronic pain treatment guidelines artane 2mg lowest price, pelargonidin 3,5 diglucoside and delphinidin 3,5-diglucoside cannot act as substrates. Ornithine, lysine, aspartate, and, and aminobutanoate cannot act as substrates [2874]. However, acetyl-CoA can be replaced by propanoyl CoA, although the reaction proceeds more slowly [2874]. The fatty-acid composition of Escherichia coli changes as a function of growth temperature, with the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids increasing with lower growth temperature. This enzyme controls the temperature-dependent regulation of fatty-acid composition, with mutants lacking this acivity being decient in the elongation of palmitoleate to cis vaccenate at low temperatures [2762, 1022]. The enzyme is responsible for initiat ing both straight and branched-chain fatty-acid biosynthesis [1209], with the substrate specicity in an organism reecting the fatty-acid composition found in that organism [1209, 2778]. For example, Streptococcus pneumoniae, a Gram-positive bacterium, is able to use both straight and branched chain (C -C) acyl-CoA primers [4 6 1658] whereas Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative organism, uses primarily short straight-chain acyl CoAs, with a preference for acetyl-CoA [553, 2778]. Lipoylation is essential for the function of several key enzymes involved in oxidative metabolism, as it converts apoprotein into the biologically active holoprotein. Examples of such lipoylated proteins include pyruvate dehydrogenase (E2 domain), 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E2 domain), the branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydroge nases and the glycine cleavage system (H protein) [352, 3409]. The enzyme can be inhibited by isoleucine, the end product of the pathway, but not by leucine [3927]. The enzyme is highly specic for pyruvate as sub strate, as the 2-oxo acids 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate, 2-oxobutanoate, 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, 2 oxohexanoate and 2-oxoglutarate cannot act as substrate [1384, 3927]. N-(3 Oxohexanoyl)-[acyl-carrier protein] and hexanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] are the best substrates [3060]. The fatty-acyl substrate is derived from fatty-acid biosynthesis through acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] rather than from fatty-acid degradation through acyl-CoA [3060]. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine cannot be replaced by methionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine, homoserine or homoserine lactone [3060]. Acts on a wide range of aliphatic acyl-CoA derivatives, with tigloyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA being the best substrates. It is probably involved in the formation of the tropane alkaloid littorine, which is a precursor of hyoscyamine [1958]. Acts on a wide range of aliphatic acyl-CoA derivatives, including acetyl-CoA, methylcrotonyl-CoA and tigloyl-CoA [2784]. Acetyl-CoA is the preferred CoA thioester but propionyl-CoA is also a substrate [3677]. This enzyme, which belongs to the family of 2-oxo acid dehydroge nase complexes, catalyses the oxidative-hydrolytic cleavage of acetoin to acetaldehyde and acetyl CoA in many bacterial strains, both aerobic and anaerobic. The enzyme is composed of multiple copies of three enzymic components: acetoin oxidoreductase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltrans ferase (E2) and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3). LpxD from Escherichia prefers (R,S)-3 hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] over (R,S)-3-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] [210]. Escherichia coli lipid A acyltransferases do not have an absolute specicity for 14-carbon hy droxy fatty acids but can transfer fatty acids differing by one carbon unit if the fatty acid substrates are available. When grown on 1% propionic acid, lipid A also contains the odd-chain fatty acids tride canoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hydroxytridecanoic acid, and hydroxypentadecanoic acid [170]. L-asparagine, L-glutamine and L-arginine are alternative substrates to glycine, but have higher Km values. The enzyme from Petunia hybrida also catalyses the formation of 2-phenylethyl benzoate from benzoyl-CoA and 2 phenylethanol. The apparent catalytic efciency of the enzyme from Petunia hybrida with benzoyl CoA is almost 6-fold higher than with acetyl-CoA [337]. The enzyme from some sources has much higher activ ity with oxidized acyl-CoAs. Some enzymes are bifunctional and have an additional phosphatase activity producing sn-2-monoacylglycerols. Mul tiple forms exist with differing preferences for the substrate, and thus the specic form expressed de termines the local composition of very-long-chain fatty acids [318, 712]. The enzyme is bound to 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenases such as the pyruvate dehydrogenase com plex, where it transfers the lipoyl moiety from lipoyl-[glycine cleavage system H] to the E2 subunits of the complexes. The enzyme provides a shunt for oxidation degradation intermediates into de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. In addition to 1-O-(4 hydroxycinnamoyl)- D-glucose, the enzyme can use the 1-O-sinapoyl and 1-O-feruloyl derivatives of D-glucose. Acts on a range of anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosides, 3,5-di-O-glucosides and cyanidin 3-rutinoside. Recombinant Perilla frutescens enzyme could utilize caffeoyl-CoA but not malonyl-CoA as alternative acyl donor. The enzyme from the plant Hypericum androsaemum L can use 3-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA instead of benzoyl-CoA, but with lower activity (cf. Palmitoylation increases the hy drophobicity of proteins or protein domains and contributes to their membrane association. The PqsC subunit acquires an octanoyl group from octanoyl-CoA and attaches it to an internal cysteine residue. Together with the PqsB subunit, the proteins catalyse the coupling of the octanoyl group with (2-aminobenzoyl)acetate, leading to decarboxylation and dehydration events that result in closure of the quinoline ring. The enzyme has a broad sub strate specicity, and can use a range of alcohols with substantial activity, the best being butanol, ben zyl alcohol, iso-pentanol, octanol and 2-propanol. In addition to O-methyl anthranilate, the enzyme might be responsible for the production of ethyl butanoate, methyl-3-hydroxy butanoate and ethyl-3-hydroxy butanoate, which are present in large quantities in the grapes. A malonyl-CoA molecule is initially bound to the acyl carrier protein and decarboxylated to form an acetyl starter unit. The overall reaction comprises a single condensation reaction followed by methylation, ketoreduction, dehydration, and, enoyl reduc tion. The enzyme, isolated from the bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Cloacimonas acidaminovorans, is involved in the anaerobic fermentation of lysine. The enzyme can accept C to C fatty acids 13 16 in vitro, but only (9Z)-hexadecenoate modication is observed in vivo [3436]. The enzyme prefers phos phatidylcholine with a palmitoyl group at the sn-1 position and palmitoyl or stearoyl groups at the sn-2 position. There is some activity with corresponding phosphatidylserines but only weak activity with other diacylphosphatidyl compounds. Since the enzyme lacks a thioesterase domain, the product remains bound to the enzyme and requires additional en zyme(s) for removal. The mechanism involves the cyclization of an activated 3,5-dioxoheptanedioate intermedi ate. The enzyme exhibits broad substrate specicity, and can accept C -C4 12 aliphatic acyl-CoAs and phenylacetyl-CoA as the starter molecules, forming 6-(polyoxoalkyl)- pyrones by sequential con densation with malonyl-CoA. The NatB complex is found in all eukaryotic organisms, and specically targets N-terminal L-methionine residues attached to Asn, Asp, Gln, or Glu residues at the second position. The NatA complex is found in all eukaryotic organisms, and specically targets N-terminal Ala, Gly, Cys, Ser, Thr, and Val residues, that became available after removal of the initiator methionine. This irreversible modication neutralizes the positive charge at the N-terminus and makes the N-terminal residue larger and more hydrophobic, and may also play a role in membrane targeting and gene silencing. The NatC complex is found in all eukaryotic organisms, and specically targets N-terminal L-methionine residues attached to bulky hydrophobic residues at the second position, including Leu, Ile, Phe, Trp, and Tyr residues. This irreversible modication neutralizes the positive charge at the N-terminus and makes the N-terminal residue larger and more hydrophobic. NatD is found in all eukaryotic organisms, and acetylates solely the serine residue at the N-terminus of histones H2A or H4. Efcient recognition and acetylation by NatD requires at least the rst 30 to 50 highly conserved amino acid residues of the histone N terminus. NatE is found in all eukaryotic organisms and plays an important role in chromosome resolution and segregation.

Glomerulonephritis kidney pain treatment cheap 2 mg artane amex, Chronic Chronic glomerulonephritis may be due to repeated episodes of acute nephritic syndrome neck pain treatment physiotherapy discount 2 mg artane free shipping, hypertensive nephrosclerosis pain treatment meridian ms purchase 2 mg artane free shipping, hyperlipidemia pain treatment centers of america carl covey order 2mg artane otc, chronic tubulointerstitial injury, or hemo dynamically mediated glomerular sclerosis. The kidneys are reduced to as little as one fth of their normal size and consist largely of brous tissue. The cortex layer shrinks to 1 to 2 mm in thickness or less, scarring occurs, and the branches of the renal artery are thickened. Other late signs include pericarditis with pericardial friction rub and pulsus paradoxus. Gout Gout is a heterogeneous group of inammatory conditions related to a genetic defect of purine metabolism and resulting in hyperuricemia. Primary hyperuricemia may be due to severe dieting or starvation, excessive intake of foods high in purines (shell sh, organ meats), or heredity. In secondary hyperuricemia, the gout is a clinical feature secondary to any of a number of genetic or acquired processes, including conditions with an increase in cell turnover (leukemias, multiple myeloma, pso G riasis, some anemias) and an increase in cell breakdown. Clinical Manifestations Gout is characterized by deposits of uric acid in various joints. Four stages of gout can be identied: asymptomatic hyper uricemia, acute gouty arthritis, intercritical gout, and chronic tophaceous gout. Assessment and Diagnostic Methods A denitive diagnosis of gouty arthritis is established by polar ized light microscopy of the synovial uid of the involved joint. Uric acid crystals are seen within the polymorphonu clear leukocytes in the uid. Nursing Management Encourage patient to restrict consumption of foods high in purines, especially organ meats, and to limit alcohol intake. An antecedent event (most often a viral infection) precipitates clinical presentation. Tachycardia and hypertension are treated with short-acting medications such as alpha-adrenergic blocking agents. G H Headache Headache (cephalgia) is one of the most common of all human physical complaints. Headache is actually a symptom rather than a disease entity and may indicate organic disease (neurologic), a stress response, vasodilation (migraine), skele tal muscle tension (tension headache), or a combination of these factors. A secondary headache is a symptom associated with organic causes, such as a brain tumor or aneurysm, subarach noid hemorrhage, stroke, severe hypertension, meningitis, and head injury. The cause of 330 Headache 331 migraine has not been clearly demonstrated, but it is prima rily a vascular disturbance that occurs more commonly in women and has strong familial tendencies. Onset typically occurs in puberty, and the incidence is 18% in women and 6% in men. Clinical Manifestations Headache often begins in early morning (headache on awak ening). The classic migraine attack can be divided into four phases: prodrome, aura, headache, and recovery. Headache Phase this phase, occurring in 60% of patients, involves a unilat eral, throbbing headache that intensies over several hours. Pain is severe and incapacitating, often associated with pho tophobia, nausea, and vomiting. Abortive approach is used for frequent attacks and is aimed at relieving or limiting a headache at onset or while in progress. Preventive approach is used for those who have frequent attacks at regular or predictable intervals and may have medical conditions that preclude abortive therapies. Management of Acute Attack Treatment varies greatly; close monitoring is indicated. Also used are amitriptyline hydrochloride (Elavil), dival proex (Valproate), unarizine (Sibelium), and serotonin antagonists (Pizotyline). Continuing Care the National Headache Foundation provides a list of clinics in the United States and the names of physicians who are members of the American Association for the Study of Headaches. H Other Headache Types Cluster Headache Cluster headaches, another severe form of vascular headache, are seen most frequently in men. The attacks come in clus ters of one to eight daily, with excruciating pain localized in the eye and orbit and radiating to the facial and temporal regions. Cranial Arteritis Inammation of the cranial arteries is characterized by a severe headache localized in the region of the temporal artery. This is a cause of headache in the older population, particularly those older than 70 years. Clinical manifestations include inammation (eg, heat, redness, swelling, and tenderness or pain over the involved artery). The headache is treated with corticos teroid drugs (do not stop abruptly) and analgesic agents. Tension Headache (Muscle Contraction Headache) Emotional or physical stress may cause contraction of the muscles in the neck and scalp, resulting in tension headache. This is characterized by a steady, constant feeling of pressure that usually begins in the forehead, the temple, or the back of the neck. Tension headaches tend to be more chronic than Head Injury (Brain Injury) 335 severe and are probably the most common type of headache. Relief may be obtained by local heat, massage, analgesics, antidepressants, and muscle relaxants. Reassure patient that the headache does not indicate a brain tumor, and teach stress reduction techniques (biofeedback, exercise, medication). H Head Injury (Brain Injury) Injuries to the head involve trauma to the scalp, skull, and brain. Clinical Manifestations Symptoms, other than local, depend on the severity and the anatomical location of the underlying brain injury.

The top and bot minimizes the total presentations required to determine the tom of the box indicate the deviations from normal for sensitivity threshold pain medication for dogs spayed discount 2 mg artane with amex, defined by satisfying a predetermined the locations corresponding to the 15th and 85th per level of variability the pain treatment & wellness center hempfield boulevard greensburg pa order artane overnight. This thresholding strategy unifour pain treatment center hickory buy cheapest artane, along with centiles pain treatment in homeopathy cheap 2mg artane amex, and the I-bars above and below the box show modifying the determination of false-positive errors and the deviations for the visual field locations with the best eliminating the determination of short-term fluctuation and worst sensitivity. Graphical plots of each of the visual (which was found to have a negligible effect) is responsible field indices are also presented for successive examinations, for the significant time savings of this test. Gray scale, numeric, total, and pattern deviation plots are shown, along with the values of the visual field and reliability indices. We now rec with more than 10 years of longitudinal data on hundreds ognize different types of retinal ganglion cells with dis of patients. Subsets of P-cells are believed to contribute to the extensive and demonstrate more rapid glaucomatous pro processing of color vision information and visual acuity, gression than conventional automated perimetry, and and perform vision and related functions. The second would be to increase the dynamic for detection of glaucomatous visual field loss. It is currently being When a low spatial frequency sinusoidal grating (one cycle evaluated for long-term monitoring of glaucoma patients. This phenomenon, possibly mediated by a subset resolution video monitor to present ring optotypes that con of the M-cell retinal ganglion cells, sometimes referred to as sist of a light central region surrounded by a dark one. New York: Grune and retest reliability than conventional automated perimetry, Stratton; 1985. Computerized Perimetry: 1 to 2 years earlier than conventional automated perime A Simplified Guide. Principles of Quantitative Perime mated perimetry because it is considerably faster, pro try: Testing and Interpreting the Visual Field. The Optometric Examination: Measure visual field abnormalities in the ocular hypertension ments and Findings. Intraocular pressure reduction in normal to occipital injuries, with special reference to appre tension glaucoma patients. Statokinetic dissociation: analysis of spatial perimetry in human eyes with glaucoma. Optimal rates of movement automated perimetry in low-, medium and high for kinetic perimetry. A prospective a 5-year prospective study in eyes with primary three-year study of response properties of normals open angle glaucoma. Performance of nonlinear between the optic disc and results obtained with visual units in ocular hypertension and glaucoma. Invest high-pass resolution perimetry and pattern dis Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1995;36(suppl):S335. Kondo Y, Yamamoto T, Sato Y, Matsubara M, Kiti with glaucoma and healthy controls. There are two main classification schemes for glaucoma: value of this distinction, made by gonioscopy, lay in the (1) that based on the anatomic mechanism of pressure ele fact that, whereas the latter was generally responsive to vation, and (2) that based on the etiology, or underlying peripheral iridectomy, the former was not, and required a ocular or systemic disorder, for the glaucoma. The practicality of this approach primarily separates glaucoma by whether the angle is open ensured its popularity and even allowed the astute clini or closed, and further subdivides these main categories into cian to recognize and treat the occludable, narrow angle primary and secondary forms. Although this allows one to before the onset of irreversible adhesions and recalcitrant identify the cause of the pressure elevation and can lead the glaucoma. Further subdivisions with uveitic glaucoma may have an open angle that ulti separated the open-angle glaucomas into pretrabecular mately becomes closed with peripheral anterior synechiae. An additional advantage is that this classification can include forms of glaucoma that can be less pressure Open-angle glaucomas dependent, such as normal-tension glaucoma, and improve Pretrabecular our ability to treat and protect the optic nerve itself. An example of this is the use of panretinal pho and systemic conditions can produce glaucoma. The etiologic mas into (1) open-angle glaucomas, (2) angle-closure aspect of this system will remain useful and gain increas glaucomas, (3) developmental glaucomas, and (4) glau ing importance for into the future as we refine our under comas associated with ocular or systemic conditions. With this knowledge, early, specific treatment may the gonioscopic appearance of the angle. The developmen completely prevent the development of glaucomatous tal glaucomas and those associated with ocular or systemic pathology. The initiating event, make the anatomic, or mechanistic, classification obso or underlying etiology, may reside in the trabecular lete. It could also be a genetic predisposition for struc and to identify the precise cause of elevated pressure, or tural alterations in the optic nerve head that affect the early abnormalities that indicate potential trouble. We believe that this approach will systemic, and ocular findings is required to use this sys be the most helpful to the physician faced with the task of tem to its best advantage. Glaucoma: classification, causes, and sur may, in time, produce anatomic closure of the anterior gical control: results of microgonioscopic research. Diagnosis and Therapy of the listed several common conditions that could be consid Glaucomas. Baltimore: of the clinical importance of these specific forms of glau Williams and Wilkins; 1998:145. Other patients with characteristic optic year (at 36% after 5 years of follow-up). Studies of the pathology of deep physiological cups have been observed to be at human specimens with open-angle glaucoma have higher risk of developing glaucomatous visual field loss. However, as pointed out in Chapter 1, the appearance of Within the trabecular meshwork of glaucomatous glaucomatous cupping and disc asymmetry are not con specimens, there appears to be a decrease in endothelial sidered risk factors because these characteristics are part cell number,15 although cellular activity may be increased, of the definition of glaucoma. Alterations in endothelial cell function that normally siderations are fully discussed in Chapters 1, 2, and 18. Studies reveal several collagen abnor metric testing and thin corneal measurements, were also malities within the trabecular meshwork beams in eyes noted. These plaques appear to be derived from elastic-like fibers that make up a subendothelial tendon sheath. A relative afferent pupil Pathogenesis of Optic Nerve Damage lary defect may be present in an eye with advanced optic nerve damage in highly asymmetric cases. However, careful slit-lamp cribrosa, along with loss of optic nerve fibers and abnormal biomicroscopy will help exclude a variety of secondary deposition of extracellular matrix materials. These are dis glaucomas, which may also have open anterior chamber cussed in Chapter 10, along with potential mechanisms by angles. Altered vision usually only occurs in patient, or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma in an older patient can mimic patients with advanced damage, or a scotoma close to fixa asymmetric primary open-angle glaucoma. However, in most cases, timely diagnosis depends on careful determination of the history and physical findings. Past records, when several studies have shown that screening pressure mea available, can be particularly helpful in detailing the refrac surements of patients with this diagnosis will be less than tive error, past use of ocular and systemic medications, 5,32 this nearly 50% of the time. This may provide some indication of the for examining the optic nerve head, as well as the features severity of glaucoma in the family. Sommer et al found that decreased vis ibility of the nerve fiber layer is clinically detectable in 90% When present, altered visual acuity is generally asym of patients with glaucoma at or before the onset of visual metric and may be worse in the eye with more advanced field loss. Acquired color vision defects gener ations in the nerve fiber layer, are discussed in Chapter 12. Hayreh et al found a greater nocturnal decrease and a lower level of diastolic blood pressure in 3. Typical optic disc damage with glaucomatous cup abnormal coagulability profile, although this possibility ping and loss of neuroretinal rim 46 should be considered with each individual patient. All of these entities are without treatment will lead to progressive nerve damage. This also involves determining a stable range of pressures Several nonglaucomatous neurological and vascular unlikely to cause further optic nerve damage. This target pressure varies among patients and such as an optic nerve pit, optic nerve coloboma, and morn may need to be modified during the course of the disease if ing glory syndrome.

Syndromes

• Inhibited sexual desire
• You have symptoms of scabies
• Fever greater than 100.4 degrees F (38.0 degrees C)
• Renal scan shows a lack of blood flow to the affected kidney
• Electrophysiological studies
• Give treatment to help with the weakness

Costs You pay nothing for the test if your doctor or other qualifed health care provider accepts assignment pain treatment center of illinois discount artane online. Section 2: Items & services 49 Home health services Part A and/or Part B cover eligible home health services if you meet certain conditions heel pain treatment exercises purchase genuine artane. If your usual caregiver (like a family member) needs a rest pain treatment studies cheap artane online amex, you can get inpatient respite care in a Medicare-approved facility (like a hospice inpatient facility pain treatment center riverbend calgary trusted artane 2mg, hospital, or nursing home). You can get respite care more than once, but it can only be provided on an occasional basis. Things to know Hospice care is usually given in your home but may also be covered in a hospice inpatient facility. Once you choose hospice care, your hospice beneft will usually cover everything you need. The cost of an oxygen humidifer will be included in the monthly fee for your oxygen equipment. Costs You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount, and the Part B deductible may apply. Inpatient mental health care in a psychiatric hospital (but not in a Medicare-certifed distinct part psychiatric unit of an acute care or critical access hospital) is limited to 190 days in a lifetime. Things to know this includes care you get in acute care hospitals, critical access hospitals, inpatient rehabilitation facilities, inpatient psychiatric facilities, long-term care hospitals, and inpatient care as part of a qualifying clinical research study. Your doctor must certify that you have a medical condition that requires intensive rehabilitation, continued medical supervision, and coordinated care that comes from your doctors and therapists working together. This is because your beneft period starts on day one of your prior hospital stay, and that stay counts toward your deductible. Costs You pay 100% for insulin (unless used with an insulin pump, then you pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount, and the Part B deductible applies). Things to know Part D may cover insulin and certain medical supplies used to inject insulin, like syringes, gauze, and alcohol swabs. However, if you use an external insulin pump, insulin and the pump may be covered as durable medical equipment under Part B. This is covered if your doctor or other health care provider refers you for the service, and when the service is given by a doctor, certain qualifed non-doctor provider, or certain rural provider. Costs You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount per session if you get the service from a doctor or other qualifed health care provider, and the Part B deductible applies. What it is Kidney disease education teaches you how to take the best possible care of your kidneys and gives you information you need to make informed decisions about your care. Section 2: Items & services 59 Kidney transplants (continued) this is because your Medicare coverage will end 36 months afer a successful kidney transplant if you only have Medicare due to permanent kidney failure. What it is Long-term care is a range of services and support for your personal care needs. Instead, most long-term care is help with basic personal tasks of everyday life, sometimes called activities of daily living. Mental health care (inpatient) Part A covers mental health care services you get in a hospital that require you to be admitted as an inpatient. What it is Mental health care services help with conditions like depression and anxiety. Things to know You can get these services either in a general hospital or a psychiatric hospital that only cares for people with mental health conditions. Talk to your doctor or other health care provider about changes in your mental health. Part B also covers outpatient mental health services for treatment of inappropriate alcohol and drug use. What it is Mental health services help with conditions like depression and anxiety. Things to know Part B covers mental health services and visits with these types of health professionals: psychiatrists or other doctors, clinical psychologists, clinical social workers, clinical nurse specialists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants.

Purchase artane 2 mg online. Pain: A Political History (w/ Keith Wailoo).

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